![]() Works consists cubical contents which involve volume like earth work, cement concrete, Masonry etc are expressed in Cubic metres.Works consists areal surface measurements involve area like plastering, white washing, partitions of specified thickness etc., are expressed in square meters (m 2).Works consists linear measurements involve length like cornice, fencing, hand rail, bands of specified width etc., are expressed in running metres (RM).Single units work like doors, windows, trusses etc., are expressed in numbers.Units of measurements normally consists the following: an L.S.amount of 1½ to 2% of the estimated cost is provided towards the work charged establishment. that is, establishment which is charged directly to work. amount allotted towards the work charged establishment. The salaries of these persons are drawn from the L.S. Items in the estimate.Įxecution of work, the actual cost should not exceed the L.S.amounts provided in the mainĭuring the construction of a project considerable number of skilled supervisors, work assistance, watch men etc., are employed on temporary basis. Detailed Specifications: These gives the detailed description of the various items of work laying down the Quantities and qualities of materials, their proportions, the method of preparation workmanship and execution of work.Ĭivil engineering such items are called lumpsumįollowing are some of L.S.It helps to form a general idea of building. General Specifications: This gives the nature, quality, class and work and materials in general terms to be used in various parts of woks.If the drawings are not clear and without complete dimensions the preparation of estimation Drawings i.e., plans, elevations, sections.Calculating the rate of each unit of work.Estimate decides whether the proposed plan matches the funds available or not.ĮSTIMATION AND COSTING STUDY MATERIAL FOR RRB JE EXAM PDF: CLICK HEREĮstimating involves the following operations. ![]()
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